Digital assets such as cryptocurrencies and Dapp Browser are a central component of decentralized applications (DApps), in that they are deployed on the blockchain.
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Digital assets such as cryptocurrencies and smart contracts are a central component of decentralized applications (DApps), in that they are deployed on the blockchain. However, to interact with these on-chain components, transactions need to be created on the blockchain. For a user or off-chain software to create a transaction on the blockchain, a node needs to relay the transaction to the underlying peer-to-peer (P2P) network.
Web3.js is a collection of libraries that allows programmers to interact with these on-chain components, by being able to facilitate a connection to Ethereum nodes, using HTTP or IPC connections.
It represents a JavaScript language binding for Ethereum’s JSON RPC interface, which makes it directly usable in web technology, as JavaScript is natively supported in almost all web browsers.
Web3.js can be used to connect to the Ethereum network via any Ethereum node that allows access via HTTP. This may be a local node, a node hosted by the DApp provider, or public gateways which operate free Ethereum access points.
One common way of integrating a web dapp browser application with Ethereum is to use the Metamask browser extension in combination with Web3.js. Metamask is an in-browser Ethereum wallet that injects a Web3 provider object into the browser. A Web3 provider is a data-structure providing a link to publicly accessible Ethereum nodes. Using Metamask allows users to manage private keys and sign transactions within their web browser. Using Metamask in combination with Web3.js, in a web interface, provides a convenient way to interact with the Ethereum network.